Newton's Law of Gravitation

Newton's Law of Gravitation
Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation states that;
'any two objects exert a gravitational force of attraction on each other. The direction of the force is along the line joing the objects.
The magnitude of the force is proportional to the product of the gravitational masses of the objects, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them'.

The constant of proportionality G is known as the universal gravitational constant. It is termed a "universal constant" because it is thought to be the same at all places and all times, and thus universally characterizes the intrinsic strength of the gravitational force.


where,
m1 exerts a force on m2 .
m2 exerts a force on m1 .
The magnitude of the gravitational force is:
F12 = G. (22)


G is Newton's constant:
G = 6.67 x 10- 11 N m 2 /kg 2.
The constant of proportionality G is known as the universal gravitational constant. It is termed a "universal constant" because it is thought to be the same at all places and all times, and thus universally characterizes the intrinsic strength of the gravitational force.
The Center of Mass for a Binary System

where R is the total separation between the centers of the two objects. The center of mass is familiar to anyone who has ever played on a see-saw. The fulcrum point at which the see-saw will exactly balance two people sitting on either end is the center of mass for the two persons sitting on the see-saw.
Here is a Center of Mass Calculator that will help you make and visualize calculations concerning the center of mass.

Partly from: www.glenbrook.kl2.il.us